Metamorphoses: II. Narcissus and Echo

I find the myth of Narcissus fascinating, and Dali’s interpretation, more than any other artist’s, seems to have captured its meaning, from the philosophical and psychological perspective. Plato writes that, if there is no substance and permanence, if everything is constantly in flux and changing, knowledge and love would be impossible, not only because there would be nothing there to be known and loved, but also because it’s impossible to […]

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“Metamorphoses” by Ovid

Aristotle writes in his treatise On the Soul that the cause of movement is desire–not will, not reason, but desire, and that desire and movement (after the object of desire) are the characteristics of animate life. In other words, the one thing that differentiates animate from inanimate beings is the presence of desire. Ovid’s Metamorphoses is a beautifully written poem with one unifying theme: desire, articulated and immortalized. It’s a […]

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The Divine Comedy: XIV. St. Francis of Assisi and Lady Poverty

Poverty as Lady Death for even as a youth, he ran to war against his father, on behalf of her- the lady unto whom, just as to death, none willingly unlocks the door; before his spiritual court et coram patre, he wed her; day by day he loved her more. She was bereft of her first husband; scorned, obscure, for some eleven hundred years, until that sun came, she had […]

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The Divine Comedy: XIII. Free Will and God’s Will

The essence of this blessed life consists in keeping to the boundaries of God’s will, through which our wills become one single will; so that, as we are ranged from step to step throughout this kingdom, all this kingdom wills that which will please the King whose will is rule. And in His will there is our peace: that sea to which all beings move-the beings He creates or nature […]

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Parting Poems

I had read this Chinese poem by Bai juyi (白居易) many years ago, but it hit me hard when I stumbled upon it returning from a trip visiting my aging parents. How many thoughts and emotions are packed in these few lines! 离离原上草, 一岁一枯荣。 野火烧不尽, 春风吹又生。 远芳侵古道, 晴翠接荒城。 又送王孙去, 萋萋满别情. My literal translation: Abounding with grass is the meadow. Per annum it ever withers and flourishes. Fire of the wild cannot utterly […]

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The Divine Comedy: VIII. Panders and Seducers

“I saw horned demons with enormous whips, who lashed those spirits cruelly from behind Ah, how their first strokes made those sinners lift their heels! Indeed no sinner waited for a second stroke to fall-or for a third.” Dante assigned panders and seducers to the Eighth Circle of the Inferno, people who seduce women or prostitute women to others for their own profit. According to Dictionary.com, pander is “a person […]

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The Divine Comedy: VII. Usury

“nature follows-as she takes her course- the Divine Intellect and Divine Art;… when it can, your art would follow nature, just as a pupil imitates his master; so that your art is almost God’s grandchild. From these two, art and nature, it is fitting,… for men to make their way, to gain their living; and since the usurer prefers another pathway, he scorns both nature in herself and art, her […]

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